Closest Kin

La scienza dietro il gioco

In Closest Kin le risposte non sono scritte a mano. Le calcola il gioco da un albero delle parentele costruito sugli studi pubblicati.

Parenti stretti vuol dire antenato comune recente

Due animali sono parenti più stretti quando il loro ultimo antenato comune è vissuto più di recente. Ecco uno dei turni del gioco.

Arcosauricirca 246 milioni di anni faSauropsidicirca 280 milioni di anni fa
  1. Coccodrillo del Nilo
  2. Gallina
  3. Iguana verde
Il coccodrillo del Nilo e la gallina appartengono allo stesso ramo, Arcosauri: condividono un antenato comune più recente di quello che li lega all'iguana verde. Quell'antenato si ricostruisce confrontando i suoi discendenti: il suo fossile non è noto. La separazione risale a circa 246 milioni di anni fa. Per trovare un antenato comune a tutti e tre bisogna risalire a Sauropsidi, circa 280 milioni di anni fa.

Perché l’aspetto inganna

Animali lontani possono somigliarsi perché vivono allo stesso modo. Gli scienziati la chiamano convergenza: la stessa soluzione comparsa più volte, su rami diversi.

Da dove vengono parentele ed età

L’albero del gioco ha 150 specie e 136 gruppi. Ogni ramo e ogni età vengono da studi pubblicati su riviste scientifiche, 159 in tutto.

Le età sono stime. Dicono quanto tempo fa visse un antenato comune e possono cambiare quando escono studi nuovi.

Dopo ogni turno, «Fonti» mostra i lavori su cui si basa la spiegazione.

Ogni riferimento è stato controllato uno per uno su Crossref, il registro internazionale delle pubblicazioni scientifiche.

Hai trovato un errore?

La scienza si corregge, e anche il gioco. Dopo ogni spiegazione puoi segnalare un problema, oppure puoi scriverci dalla pagina Supporto.

Bibliografia

I 159 lavori su cui è costruito il gioco, in ordine alfabetico.

Mostra tutte le fonti
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